Purple Martin Houses Selection GuidePurple Martins are a large swallow indigenous to North America, and are
cavity-nesting birds that have diminished in population over the
course of the 20th century. They are almost entirely dependent upon
humans to provide nesting sites, particularly across eastern North
America where human populations are far more dense. Purple Martins
actually thrive in proximity to humans! To make matters worse, Purple
Martin populations are also threatened by European Starlings, which are
also cavity-nesting birds that will aggressively overtake martin
houses, sometimes by violent force. However, these wonderful birds
have been subjected to numerous scientific studies, so being a Purple
Martin landlord these days is quite simple!
So where to
start? Well, start by putting up a Purple Martin house or gourd!
Purple Martin housing comes in a variety of shapes, sizes, and price,
so there is a house for everyone's budget and level of commitment. You
can start easy with Purple Martin Gourds, plastic cavities designed to
mimic the first ever man made martin houses that were made of real,
hollowed out gourds. They're easy to clean and very durable. They're
also easy to accessorize with starling-resistant door guards.
If
you're more adventurous, and want a bigger payoff for your work, try a
multi-room wooden Purple Martin house, mounted to a telescoping pole
system. These mammoth bird houses act as condos for entire colonies of
Purple Martins, but are more expensive and difficult to maintain than
the smaller plastic gourds. However, they are quite aesthetically
pleasing, particularly when there are dozens of Purple Martins zipping
in and out!
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Here are some more tips on setting up and maintaining a Purple Martin House:- Keep the Purple Martin house away from trees. There should be no trees
taller than the house & pole you've set up at least 60 feet in any
direction.
- The pole should be twelve to twenty feet in height,
and you'll need to use a pole guard to keep raccoons and other
predators at bay.
- If you don't have a pole guard, consider a
Purple Martin house with deeper and larger compartments that will keep
the nests out of a predator's reach.
- If there are going to be trees around, try to mount the house at a height *above* the tallest tree in the surrounding area.
- You'll need at least 24 total nesting compartments to ensure the colony thrives at your location.
- Entrance holes larger than 6" x 6" will be an open invitation for the pesky and unwanted Starling or House Sparrow.
- Use an excluder door, or crescent shaped gourd door, to keep Starlings
and Sparrows from invading the Purple Martin nests and wreaking havoc.
- You'll notice that all Purple Martin houses are white, and that's for
good reason. The white color reflects the heat of the summer to keep
the inside nests cool.
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